Factor f(x)=x^6-13x^4-52x^2+64

$f (x) = x^{6} - 13 x^{4} - 52 x^{2} + 64$

Step 1

Factor $x^{6} - 13 x^{4} - 52 x^{2} + 64$ using the rational roots test.

If a polynomial function has integer coefficients, then every rational zero will have the form $\frac{p}{q}$ where $p$ is a factor of the constant and $q$ is a factor of the leading coefficient.

$p = \pm 1, \pm 64, \pm 2, \pm 32, \pm 4, \pm 16, \pm 8 q = \pm 1$

Find every combination of $\pm \frac{p}{q}$ . These are the possible roots of the polynomial function.

$\pm 1, \pm 64, \pm 2, \pm 32, \pm 4, \pm 16, \pm 8$

Substitute $- 1$ and simplify the expression. In this case, the expression is equal to $0$ so $- 1$ is a root of the polynomial.

Substitute $- 1$ into the polynomial.

${(- 1)}^{6} - 13 {(- 1)}^{4} - 52 {(- 1)}^{2} + 64$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $6$ .

$1 - 13 {(- 1)}^{4} - 52 {(- 1)}^{2} + 64$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$1 - 13 \cdot 1 - 52 {(- 1)}^{2} + 64$

Multiply $- 13$ by $1$ .

$1 - 13 - 52 {(- 1)}^{2} + 64$

Subtract $13$ from $1$ .

$- 12 - 52 {(- 1)}^{2} + 64$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$- 12 - 52 \cdot 1 + 64$

Multiply $- 52$ by $1$ .

$- 12 - 52 + 64$

Subtract $52$ from $- 12$ .

$- 64 + 64$

Add $- 64$ and $64$ .

$0$

Since $- 1$ is a known root, divide the polynomial by $x + 1$ to find the quotient polynomial. This polynomial can then be used to find the remaining roots.

$\frac{x^{6} - 13 x^{4} - 52 x^{2} + 64}{x + 1}$

Divide $x^{6} - 13 x^{4} - 52 x^{2} + 64$ by $x + 1$ .

Set up the polynomials to be divided. If there is not a term for every exponent, insert one with a value of $0$ .

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $x^{6}$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $x^{6} + x^{5}$

$x^{5}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $- x^{5}$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $- x^{5} - x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $- 12 x^{4}$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $- 12 x^{4} - 12 x^{3}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $12 x^{3}$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $12 x^{3} + 12 x^{2}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $- 64 x^{2}$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $- 64 x^{2} - 64 x$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

Divide the highest order term in the dividend $64 x$ by the highest order term in divisor $x$ .

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$64 x$

$64$

The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in $64 x + 64$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$64 x$

$64$

After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$x$

$1$

$x^{6}$

$0 x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64$

$x^{6}$

$x^{5}$

$13 x^{4}$

$x^{5}$

$x^{4}$

$12 x^{4}$

$0 x^{3}$

$12 x^{4}$

$12 x^{3}$

$52 x^{2}$

$12 x^{3}$

$12 x^{2}$

$64 x^{2}$

$0 x$

$64 x^{2}$

$64 x$

$64$

$64 x$

$64$

$0$

Since the remander is $0$ , the final answer is the quotient.

$x^{5} - x^{4} - 12 x^{3} + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64$

Write $x^{6} - 13 x^{4} - 52 x^{2} + 64$ as a set of factors.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{5} - x^{4} - 12 x^{3} + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Step 2

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $x^{5} - x^{4} - 12 x^{3}$ .

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $x^{5}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} x^{2} - x^{4} - 12 x^{3} + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $- x^{4}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} x^{2} + x^{3} (- x) - 12 x^{3} + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $- 12 x^{3}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} x^{2} + x^{3} (- x) + x^{3} \cdot - 12 + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $x^{3} x^{2} + x^{3} (- x)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x^{2} - x) + x^{3} \cdot - 12 + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $x^{3} (x^{2} - x) + x^{3} \cdot - 12$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x^{2} - x - 12) + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Step 3

Factor.

Factor $x^{2} - x - 12$ using the AC method.

Consider the form $x^{2} + b x + c$ . Find a pair of integers whose product is $c$ and whose sum is $b$ . In this case, whose product is $- 12$ and whose sum is $- 1$ .

$- 4, 3$

Write the factored form using these integers.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} ((x - 4) (x + 3)) + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64)$

Step 4

Factor $4$ out of $12 x^{2} - 64 x + 64$ .

Factor $4$ out of $12 x^{2}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2}) - 64 x + 64)$

Factor $4$ out of $- 64 x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2}) + 4 (- 16 x) + 64)$

Factor $4$ out of $64$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2}) + 4 (- 16 x) + 4 (16))$

Factor $4$ out of $4 (3 x^{2}) + 4 (- 16 x)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2} - 16 x) + 4 (16))$

Factor $4$ out of $4 (3 x^{2} - 16 x) + 4 (16)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2} - 16 x + 16))$

Step 5

Factor.

Factor by grouping.

For a polynomial of the form $a x^{2} + b x + c$ , rewrite the middle term as a sum of two terms whose product is $a \cdot c = 3 \cdot 16 = 48$ and whose sum is $b = - 16$ .

Factor $- 16$ out of $- 16 x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2} - 16 x + 16))$

Rewrite $- 16$ as $- 4$ plus $- 12$

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2} + (- 4 - 12) x + 16))$

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x^{2} - 4 x - 12 x + 16))$

Factor out the greatest common factor from each group.

Group the first two terms and the last two terms.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 ((3 x^{2} - 4 x) - 12 x + 16))$

Factor out the greatest common factor (GCF) from each group.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (x (3 x - 4) - 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Factor the polynomial by factoring out the greatest common factor, $3 x - 4$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 ((3 x - 4) (x - 4)))$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x - 4) (x - 4))$

Step 6

Factor $x - 4$ out of $x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3) + 4 (3 x - 4) (x - 4)$ .

Factor $x - 4$ out of $x^{3} (x - 4) (x + 3)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3} (x + 3)) + 4 (3 x - 4) (x - 4))$

Factor $x - 4$ out of $4 (3 x - 4) (x - 4)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3} (x + 3)) + (x - 4) (4 (3 x - 4)))$

Factor $x - 4$ out of $(x - 4) (x^{3} (x + 3)) + (x - 4) (4 (3 x - 4))$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3} (x + 3) + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Step 7

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3} x + x^{3} \cdot 3 + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Step 8

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x$ .

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3} x + x^{3} \cdot 3 + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{3 + 1} + x^{3} \cdot 3 + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Add $3$ and $1$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} + x^{3} \cdot 3 + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Step 9

Move $3$ to the left of $x^{3}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} + 3 x^{3} + 4 (3 x - 4)))$

Step 10

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} + 3 x^{3} + 4 (3 x) + 4 \cdot - 4))$

Step 11

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} + 3 x^{3} + 12 x + 4 \cdot - 4))$

Step 12

Multiply $4$ by $- 4$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} + 3 x^{3} + 12 x - 16))$

Step 13

Factor.

Rewrite $x^{4} + 3 x^{3} + 12 x - 16$ in a factored form.

Regroup terms.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{4} - 16 + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Rewrite $x^{4}$ as ${(x^{2})}^{2}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ({(x^{2})}^{2} - 16 + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Rewrite $16$ as $4^{2}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ({(x^{2})}^{2} - 4^{2} + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ where $a = x^{2}$ and $b = 4$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x^{2} - 4) + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Simplify.

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x^{2} - 2^{2}) + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Factor.

Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ where $a = x$ and $b = 2$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) ((x + 2) (x - 2)) + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x^{3} + 12 x))$

Factor $3 x$ out of $3 x^{3} + 12 x$ .

Factor $3 x$ out of $3 x^{3}$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x (x^{2}) + 12 x))$

Factor $3 x$ out of $12 x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x (x^{2}) + 3 x (4)))$

Factor $3 x$ out of $3 x (x^{2}) + 3 x (4)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x (x^{2} + 4)))$

Factor $x^{2} + 4$ out of $(x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x (x^{2} + 4)$ .

Factor $x^{2} + 4$ out of $(x^{2} + 4) (x + 2) (x - 2)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) ((x + 2) (x - 2)) + 3 x (x^{2} + 4)))$

Factor $x^{2} + 4$ out of $3 x (x^{2} + 4)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) ((x + 2) (x - 2)) + (x^{2} + 4) (3 x)))$

Factor $x^{2} + 4$ out of $(x^{2} + 4) ((x + 2) (x - 2)) + (x^{2} + 4) (3 x)$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) ((x + 2) (x - 2) + 3 x)))$

Expand $(x + 2) (x - 2)$ using the FOIL Method.

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x (x - 2) + 2 (x - 2) + 3 x)))$

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x \cdot x + x \cdot - 2 + 2 (x - 2) + 3 x)))$

Apply the distributive property.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x \cdot x + x \cdot - 2 + 2 x + 2 \cdot - 2 + 3 x)))$

Combine the opposite terms in $x \cdot x + x \cdot - 2 + 2 x + 2 \cdot - 2$ .

Reorder the factors in the terms $x \cdot - 2$ and $2 x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x \cdot x - 2 x + 2 x + 2 \cdot - 2 + 3 x)))$

Add $- 2 x$ and $2 x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x \cdot x + 0 + 2 \cdot - 2 + 3 x)))$

Add $x \cdot x$ and $0$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x \cdot x + 2 \cdot - 2 + 3 x)))$

Simplify each term.

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x^{2} + 2 \cdot - 2 + 3 x)))$

Multiply $2$ by $- 2$ .

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x^{2} - 4 + 3 x)))$

Reorder terms.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x^{2} + 3 x - 4)))$

Factor.

Factor $x^{2} + 3 x - 4$ using the AC method.

Consider the form $x^{2} + b x + c$ . Find a pair of integers whose product is $c$ and whose sum is $b$ . In this case, whose product is $- 4$ and whose sum is $3$ .

$- 1, 4$

Write the factored form using these integers.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) ((x - 1) (x + 4))))$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) ((x^{2} + 4) (x - 1) (x + 4)))$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) ((x - 4) (x^{2} + 4) (x - 1) (x + 4))$

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$f (x) = (x + 1) (x - 4) (x^{2} + 4) (x - 1) (x + 4)$

Factor f(x)=x^6-13x^4-52x^2+64

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