Find All Complex Solutions x^4-11x^2=80

$x^{4} - 11 x^{2} = 80$

Step 1

Subtract $80$ from both sides of the equation.

$x^{4} - 11 x^{2} - 80 = 0$

Step 2

Factor the left side of the equation.

Rewrite $x^{4}$ as ${(x^{2})}^{2}$ .

${(x^{2})}^{2} - 11 x^{2} - 80 = 0$

Let $u = x^{2}$ . Substitute $u$ for all occurrences of $x^{2}$ .

$u^{2} - 11 u - 80 = 0$

Factor $u^{2} - 11 u - 80$ using the AC method.

Consider the form $x^{2} + b x + c$ . Find a pair of integers whose product is $c$ and whose sum is $b$ . In this case, whose product is $- 80$ and whose sum is $- 11$ .

$- 16, 5$

Write the factored form using these integers.

$(u - 16) (u + 5) = 0$

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{2}$ .

$(x^{2} - 16) (x^{2} + 5) = 0$

Rewrite $16$ as $4^{2}$ .

$(x^{2} - 4^{2}) (x^{2} + 5) = 0$

Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ where $a = x$ and $b = 4$ .

$(x + 4) (x - 4) (x^{2} + 5) = 0$

Step 3

If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to $0$ , the entire expression will be equal to $0$ .

$x + 4 = 0$

$x - 4 = 0$

$x^{2} + 5 = 0$

Step 4

Set $x + 4$ equal to $0$ and solve for $x$ .

Set $x + 4$ equal to $0$ .

$x + 4 = 0$

Subtract $4$ from both sides of the equation.

$x = - 4$

Step 5

Set $x - 4$ equal to $0$ and solve for $x$ .

Set $x - 4$ equal to $0$ .

$x - 4 = 0$

Add $4$ to both sides of the equation.

$x = 4$

Step 6

Set $x^{2} + 5$ equal to $0$ and solve for $x$ .

Set $x^{2} + 5$ equal to $0$ .

$x^{2} + 5 = 0$

Solve $x^{2} + 5 = 0$ for $x$ .

Subtract $5$ from both sides of the equation.

$x^{2} = - 5$

Take the square root of both sides of the equation to eliminate the exponent on the left side.

$x = \pm \sqrt{- 5}$

Simplify $\pm \sqrt{- 5}$ .

Rewrite $- 5$ as $- 1 (5)$ .

$x = \pm \sqrt{- 1 (5)}$

Rewrite $\sqrt{- 1 (5)}$ as $\sqrt{- 1} \cdot \sqrt{5}$ .

$x = \pm \sqrt{- 1} \cdot \sqrt{5}$

Rewrite $\sqrt{- 1}$ as $i$ .

$x = \pm i \sqrt{5}$

The complete solution is the result of both the positive and negative portions of the solution.

First, use the positive value of the $\pm$ to find the first solution.

$x = i \sqrt{5}$

Next, use the negative value of the $\pm$ to find the second solution.

$x = - i \sqrt{5}$

The complete solution is the result of both the positive and negative portions of the solution.

$x = i \sqrt{5}, - i \sqrt{5}$

Step 7

The final solution is all the values that make $(x + 4) (x - 4) (x^{2} + 5) = 0$ true.

$x = - 4, 4, i \sqrt{5}, - i \sqrt{5}$

Find All Complex Solutions x^4-11x^2=80

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