Find the Domain and Range (3x^2-3)/(x^2-1)

$\frac{3 x^{2} - 3}{x^{2} - 1}$

Step 1

Set the denominator in $\frac{3 x^{2} - 3}{x^{2} - 1}$ equal to $0$ to find where the expression is undefined.

$x^{2} - 1 = 0$

Step 2

Solve for $x$ .

Add $1$ to both sides of the equation.

$x^{2} = 1$

Take the square root of both sides of the equation to eliminate the exponent on the left side.

$x = \pm \sqrt{1}$

Any root of $1$ is $1$ .

$x = \pm 1$

The complete solution is the result of both the positive and negative portions of the solution.

First, use the positive value of the $\pm$ to find the first solution.

$x = 1$

Next, use the negative value of the $\pm$ to find the second solution.

$x = - 1$

The complete solution is the result of both the positive and negative portions of the solution.

$x = 1, - 1$

Step 3

The domain is all values of $x$ that make the expression defined.

Interval Notation:

$(- \infty, - 1) \cup (- 1, 1) \cup (1, \infty)$

Set-Builder Notation:

${x | x \neq 1, - 1}$

Step 4

The range is the set of all valid $y$ values. Use the graph to find the range.

Interval Notation:

$(- \infty, \infty)$

Set-Builder Notation:

${y | y \in ℝ}$

Step 5

Determine the domain and range.

Domain: $(- \infty, - 1) \cup (- 1, 1) \cup (1, \infty), {x | x \neq 1, - 1}$

Range: $(- \infty, \infty), {y | y \in ℝ}$

Step 6