Simplify (x-b)^5+(b-a)^5

${(x - b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Step 1

Simplify each term.

Use the Binomial Theorem.

$x^{5} + 5 x^{4} (- b) + 10 x^{3} {(- b)}^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Simplify each term.

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} + 5 \cdot - 1 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} {(- b)}^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Multiply $5$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} {(- b)}^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- b$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} ({(- 1)}^{2} b^{2}) + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 \cdot {(- 1)}^{2} x^{3} b^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 \cdot 1 x^{3} b^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Multiply $10$ by $1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} + 10 x^{2} {(- b)}^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- b$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} + 10 x^{2} ({(- 1)}^{3} b^{3}) + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} + 10 \cdot {(- 1)}^{3} x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} + 10 \cdot - 1 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Multiply $10$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x {(- b)}^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- b$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x ({(- 1)}^{4} b^{4}) + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 \cdot {(- 1)}^{4} x b^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 \cdot 1 x b^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Multiply $5$ by $1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} + {(- b)}^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- b$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} + {(- 1)}^{5} b^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $5$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + {(b - a)}^{5}$

Use the Binomial Theorem.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} + 5 b^{4} (- a) + 10 b^{3} {(- a)}^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Simplify each term.

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} + 5 \cdot - 1 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} {(- a)}^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Multiply $5$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} {(- a)}^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- a$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} ({(- 1)}^{2} a^{2}) + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 \cdot {(- 1)}^{2} b^{3} a^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 \cdot 1 b^{3} a^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Multiply $10$ by $1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} + 10 b^{2} {(- a)}^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- a$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} + 10 b^{2} ({(- 1)}^{3} a^{3}) + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} + 10 \cdot {(- 1)}^{3} b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} + 10 \cdot - 1 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Multiply $10$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b {(- a)}^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- a$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b ({(- 1)}^{4} a^{4}) + {(- a)}^{5}$

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 \cdot {(- 1)}^{4} b a^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 \cdot 1 b a^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Multiply $5$ by $1$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} + {(- a)}^{5}$

Apply the product rule to $- a$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} + {(- 1)}^{5} a^{5}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $5$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Step 2

Simplify by adding terms.

Combine the opposite terms in $x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - b^{5} + b^{5} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$ .

Add $- b^{5}$ and $b^{5}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} + 0 - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Add $x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4}$ and $0$ .

$x^{5} - 5 x^{4} b + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Simplify the expression.

Move $x^{4}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 x^{3} b^{2} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $x^{3}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 x^{2} b^{3} + 5 x b^{4} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $x^{2}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 x b^{4} - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $x$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 b^{4} a + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $b^{4}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 b^{3} a^{2} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $b^{3}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 b^{2} a^{3} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $b^{2}$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 5 b a^{4} - a^{5}$

Move $b$ .

$x^{5} - 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 5 a^{4} b - a^{5}$

Move $x^{5}$ .

$- 5 b x^{4} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 5 a^{4} b - a^{5} + x^{5}$

Move $- 5 b x^{4}$ .

$10 b^{2} x^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 5 a^{4} b - 5 b x^{4} - a^{5} + x^{5}$

Move $10 b^{2} x^{3}$ .

$- 10 b^{3} x^{2} + 5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} + 5 a^{4} b - 5 b x^{4} - a^{5} + x^{5}$

Move $- 10 b^{3} x^{2}$ .

$5 b^{4} x - 5 a b^{4} + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} + 5 a^{4} b - 5 b x^{4} - a^{5} + x^{5}$

Reorder $5 b^{4} x$ and $- 5 a b^{4}$ .

$- 5 a b^{4} + 5 b^{4} x + 10 a^{2} b^{3} - 10 b^{3} x^{2} - 10 a^{3} b^{2} + 10 b^{2} x^{3} + 5 a^{4} b - 5 b x^{4} - a^{5} + x^{5}$

Simplify (x-b)^5+(b-a)^5

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